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9. Disturbance interference
It is the factor that makes the controlled quantity change. There are two types of disturbances: one is the disturbance generated by each link in the control system, which is called internal disturbance; the other is the disturbance generated outside the control system to the system, called external disturbance.
10. Feedback
The effect of sending the output signal back to the input terminal to enhance or weaken the input signal is called feedback. Those who make the input signal stronger are called positive feedback; otherwise, they are called negative feedback. Negative feedback is often used in automatic control systems.
11. The adjustment process means that after the control system is subjected to the action of an external signal (given value or disturbance), the original balance state is destroyed, and the controlled quantity is restored to the original balance state due to the adjustment effect of the automatic control device, or The process of transitioning to a new equilibrium state.
12. Position adjustment
It refers to the adjustment that the regulator makes the actuator fully open or fully closed when the controlled variable deviates from the given value. Such as pressure regulation of vacuum relays with upper and lower limit pressure given.
13. Proportional adjustment
The signal output by the regulator is proportional to the size of the deviation, so that the position of the actuator corresponds to the size of the deviation, which can reduce the deviation, but cannot completely eliminate the deviation. Commonly used P (Proportional) said.
14. Proportional integral adjustment
The signal output by the regulator is not only proportional to the deviation, but also proportional to the integral of the deviation to the time, so that the actuator can be adjusted according to the proportional and integral law of the deviation, which is the adjustment with zero deviation in theory. Commonly used PI (Propor-tional Integrated) said.
15. Proportional integral derivative adjustment
It is a comprehensive adjustment that combines the three adjustment laws of proportional, integral and differential. The signal output by the regulator is not only related to the size of the deviation and the length of time the deviation exists, but also to the speed of the deviation change. Commonly used PID (Proportional Intergral Derivative) said.
16. Increasing the proportional magnification Kp can make the static deviation smaller, but the stability of the system will become worse; otherwise, the stability of the system can be improved, but the static deviation will become larger. It is usually expressed by the reciprocal 8 of the proportional magnification Kp of the regulator, which is called the proportionality.
17. Integral time T represents the adjustable parameter of integral adjustment action speed and strength. In an analog integral regulator, its value is equal to the time constant of the regulator's integral loop.
18. Differential time Td
Indicates the adjustable parameter of the strength of differential adjustment in the regulator. In an analog differential regulator, its value is equal to the time constant of the regulator's differential loop.
19. Stability
It refers to the performance of the control system whether the transition process can end and reach the equilibrium state under the action of disturbance. exist
After the disturbance is eliminated, the system is stable if it can restore the original equilibrium state.